Red mud is the major waste material produced during alumina production following the Bayers process. Depending on the quality of the raw material processed, 1 - 2.5 tons of red mud is generated per ton of alumina produced. The treatment and disposal of this residue is a major operation in an alumina plant. A lot of research and developmental activities are going on throughout the world to find effective utilization of red mud, which involves various product developments. This article attempts to review these developments.
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