This paper reports the results of hydrochloric acid leaching of manganese nodule and sphalerite in combination. Combined leaching was observed to be more effective than the individual leaching of either sphalerite or nodule. The dissolution occurs through three major routes: 1) cyclic action of Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple, 2) galvanic interaction between ZnS and MnO2 and 3) action of Cl-2 gas generated from MnO2-HCl reaction on ZnS. All three routes play a role in the dissolution process at relatively lower HCl concentrations, whereas the last route is dominant at a higher hydrochloric acid concentration.
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