Electrical characterizations of BaZr0.05Ti0.95O3 perovskite ceramic by impedance spectroscopy, electric modulus and conductivity

Abstract

We, here in report on the impedance, modulus and conductivity analyses of polycrystalline perovskite structured BaZr0.05Ti0.95O3 ceramic prepared by the conventional solid state reaction technique (SSRT). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the specimen confirms the formation of phase pure perovskite structure. The surface morphology of the sample investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals closed packing of grains having good density and very less porosity. Impedance spectroscopy, electric modulus and conductivity have been used as a tool to investigate the electrical conduction mechanism occurring within the material. These studies are performed as a function of both temperature and frequency. The sample has been observed to exhibit negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior indicating its semiconducting character. The Cole-Cole plots indicate the presence of both grains and grain boundaries. The various relaxation times in the electric modulus studies indicate that the material does not follow Debye law. The conductivity variation of BaZr0.05Ti0.95O3 ceramic has also been reported as a function of temperature.